Learning VimScript

following codes will ignore the : precede every command.

1. Prerequisites

1. :help command
2. echo / echom (leave in :messages, useful for debuging.)

2 ~ 3. Echoing Messages & Setting Options

1. boolean options: :set name / :set noname / set name!
2. query: :set command? (e.g. :set numberwidth? can check the width of line number.)
3. multiple options - :set number numberwidth=6

4. Basic Mapping

1. map - x / map - dd = basic
2. map <space> viw = use name to call speical key
3. map <c-d> dd = modifier keys {ctrl = c, alt = m}
4. map - ddp / map - ddkP = move line down/up

5. Modal Mapping

1. nmap / vmap / imap = modal mapping.
2. vmap \ U = upper selected text in visual mode.
3. imap <c-u> <esc>viwUae = upper word under the cursor in insert mode and back in insert mode

6. Strict Mapping

1. donwside of common mapping = nmap - dd then nmap \ -, will make \ = = dd
2. nunmap - / nunmap \ = remove mapping.
3. recursive mapping = try this nmap dd O<esc>jddk.
4. nonrecursive mapping

Remember: always use nonrecursive version. Save yourself the trouble when you install a plugin or add a new custom mapping.

5. Leaders

1. mapleader = use in .vimrc, e.g. nnoremap <leader>- dd
2. maplocalleader = can be same with mapleader, better not same, use in local .vim file in case to conflict with global mapleader
3. an example of leader value = let mapleader = “,” / let maplocalleader = “\”

6. More Mapping

1. < / > = go to last selected content’s first char or last char
2. ’< / ‘> = go to last selected content’s first line or last line

7. Training your fingers

to force you use shortcut, map occord keys to

1. noremap

8. Buffer-Local Options and Mapping

1. nnoremap d dd nnoremap x dd x mapping will only take effect in current buffer.

2. nnoremap x dd is a bad habit, in local buffer you shoul use

3. setlocal can change setting of current buffer.

4. shadowing: like program in c,

int flag = 1;
void f(int flag)
{
    if (flag == 1) 
    {

    }
}

flag in f() will hide the global flag. in vim, you set following mapings: :noremap Q dd :noremap Q x

when you type Q, first Q will take effect, because is more specific than no .

1. setl[ocal] all : show all local settings. if it uses a global value, there will be – before the option. setl[ocal] : (no parameter) show local settings that different its default value. setl[ocal] {option}< : use global value for {option}. se[t] {option}< : use global value for {option} (option is global-local option : use help global-local to learn more)

2. use of :map ,w dd :unmap ,w :mapclear

map-precedence :map \a :echo "Local \a" :map \abc :echo "Global \abc"

:augroup group_name
:autocmd!
:autocmd BufWrite * :echom "write success"
... lots of other commands.
:augroup END

:augroup filetype_html
:autocmd!
:autocmd FileType html nnoremap <buffer> <localleader>f Vatzf
:augroup END

void f() {
    int i(0);
    int j(1);
    int k(0);
    return 0;
}

file "path/to/your/macvim/content/Mavim"

Plugin 'ctrlpvim/ctrlp'

Plugin 'ctrlpvim/ctrlp.vim'

brew install macvim

brew linkapps # create shortcut in /Applications.

echo | clang -v -E -x c++ -